• Home
  • About Us
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms and Conditions
  • Sitemap
Tuesday, April 20, 2021
ফলাফল নেই
সমস্ত ফলাফল দেখুন
  • বাংলাবাংলা
YouTube Canvas
  • Internet Marketing
    • YouTube Marketing
    • Facebook Marketing
    • Digital Marketing Tips
    • Search Engine Optimization
    • Top Ways to Make Money Online
  • Pharmaceutical Marketing
    • Pharmaceutical Job Introduction
    • Pharmaceutical Product Knowledge
    • Pharmaceutical Motivation
    • Pharmaceutical Secret Success
    • Top Pharmaceutical Companies List (BD)
    • Top Pharmaceutical Companies List (World)
    • Modern Medical System
  • Secret Lifestyle
    • Food
    • Health
    • Travel
    • Mother’s Question: Expert Opinion
  • Recent News
    • Known and Unknown
  • Internet Marketing
    • YouTube Marketing
    • Facebook Marketing
    • Digital Marketing Tips
    • Search Engine Optimization
    • Top Ways to Make Money Online
  • Pharmaceutical Marketing
    • Pharmaceutical Job Introduction
    • Pharmaceutical Product Knowledge
    • Pharmaceutical Motivation
    • Pharmaceutical Secret Success
    • Top Pharmaceutical Companies List (BD)
    • Top Pharmaceutical Companies List (World)
    • Modern Medical System
  • Secret Lifestyle
    • Food
    • Health
    • Travel
    • Mother’s Question: Expert Opinion
  • Recent News
    • Known and Unknown
YouTube Canvas
ফলাফল নেই
সমস্ত ফলাফল দেখুন

Pharmacology: 7 Incredible Topics in 2020

Pharmacology- Top 7 Reasons to Study a Medicine Degree in 2020

YouTube Canvas By YouTube Canvas
April 24, 2020
In Pharmaceutical Job Introduction, Pharmaceutical Marketing
7 Min Read
7 0
2
Pharmacology

Picture: PHARMACOLOGY

5
SHARES
46
VIEWS
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

PHARMACOLOGY

♦ What is Pharmacology?

The study of how drugs interact with a living system.

Pharmacology Two Types:

  1. Pharmacodynamics: ( Effect of the drug on the body ).
  2. Pharmacokinetics: ( Effect of the body on the drug ).

                  Pharmacology:

  1. Pharmacokinetics: “what the body does to the drug.”

a. Absorption
b. Distribution
c. Metabolism
d. Elimination

  1. Pharmacodynamics: “what the drug does to the body.”

a. Wanted effects – Efficacy
b. Unwanted effects – Toxicity

The drug at the site of administration:


Disintegration:

Disintegration is the process in which a tablet is fractured into small particles.

Dissolution:

Dissolution is the process where solid substances enter a solvent to yield a solution.
The drug at the site of administration

Absorption:


Absorption Image

 Absorption:

This is the percentage of the
Dose absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract after
oral administration. This
varies from drug to drug.
» Drugs are frequently administered orally.
» Other routes:
✓ Intravenous
✓ Subcutaneous
✓ Intramuscular
✓ Topical
✓ Inhalation
✓ Per rectal

Transport of a drug from the GI tract:


  • Depending on their chemical properties.
  • Drugs may be absorbed from the GI tract by either
1. Passive diffusion or
2. Active transport

Two types of absorption:


Passive diffusion:                                                      Active transport:

   1. Drug moves from a region of high concentration to lower concentration.

    2. Does not involve a carrier

    3. Not energy-dependent

1. Drug moves from a region of low concentration to higher concentration.
2. Involves specific carrier proteins.
3. Energy-dependent ( adenosine tri-phosphate )

Peak plasma concentration (Cmax):

The highest concentration of a drug achieved in the blood after a dose.

Tmax:

The time after administration of a drug when the maximum plasma concentration is reached when the rate of
absorption equals the rate of elimination.

Minimum effective concentration(MEC):

The minimum quantity of a drug required to produce a particular effect.

Area Under Curve (AUC) :


Availability of a drug in the body for a given period.
Greater AUC ~ Better for patient
Area Under Curve (AUC)

 Half-life:


Half-life Image

Half-life:

The half-life( t1/2 ) is the time at which the peak plasma concentration of a drug in the body reduces by 50%.

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC):
It is the minimum concentration of an antibiotic in the blood that can kill micro-organisms.

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC):

It is the minimum concentration of an antibiotic in the blood that can inhibit the growth of micro-organisms.
Lower MIC, Higher peak serum concentration; More powerful antibiotic.

Drug Distribution:


 The process by which a drug reversibly leaves the bloodstream and enters the extracellular fluid and the cells of the tissues.
  • Reversible binding of drugs to plasma protein
  • Non-diffusible form ( protein-bound fraction )
  • Slows their transfer out of the blood vessel
  • Plasma albumin is the major drug-binding protein.

Drug Metabolism:


Chemical transformation of drugs that occur within the body
Metabolites: Any substance produced by metabolism.

First Pass effect/Pre systemic metabolism:


First pass effect Pre systemic metabolism
When a drug is taken by mouth, it is absorbed. Next, it passes through the liver, and then it enters into circulation. In the liver, the drug may or may not be metabolized. This process is called the First Pass effect.
It tells us how much of a drug will reach the inactive circulation form.

Bioavailability:

The rate and extent at which the drug reaches the systemic circulation.

Drug Interaction:

When the even pharmacological action of one drug is affected by another drug taken simultaneously, the effect is known as a drug interaction.

Efficacy:

Efficacy is the maximal response produced by a drug.

Potency:

Amount of drug required to produce a particular response. The lower the Dose needed for a given response, the more potent the drug.

 Drug receptors :


Drug receptors image

Drug receptors:

Specialized target molecule, present in the cell surface or intracellularly, that binds with a drug and
mediates its pharmacological actions.
 000
 Drug

Drug Receptor Mechanism: 


Affinity: Tendency of a drug to combine with the receptor.
Agonist: A drug that has both Redep bar efficacy and affinity for the receptor.
Antagonist: A drug that has an affinity for a receptor but lacks efficacy.
Toxicology: The untoward effect is death in toxicology.
Toxic Dose: is the Dose causing symptoms of poisoning or untoward effect in an average individual.
Lethal Dose (LD): is the Dose causing the death of experimental animals in a short period under controlled conditions.
ED50: The Dose at which 50% of the experimental animal shows a maximum therapeutic response.
LD50: is the minimum dose required to kill 50% 0f the test animals in 24 hours in controlled conditions.
Therapeutics: The science dealing with the use of medicine for treatment is therapeutics.
Therapeutic ratio: The figure obtained by dividing the LD50 by therapeutic Dose is known as the therapeutic ratio. Obviously, the higher this ratio, the safer is the drug to use.
Materia Medica: The science of source of the drug is called Materia Medica

 Therapeutic Index toxic dose/effective dose:


 The ratio of the Dose that produces toxicity to the Dose that provides a clinically desired or effective response.
Significance of therapeutic Index: It is a measure of the drug’s safety since a considerable value indicates that there is a wide margin between doses that are effective and doses that are toxic.

Excretion:


Elimination of drugs from the body after being partly or wholly converted to water-soluble metabolites.
  • Skin (sweating), Lungs, Intestine (stool), Urinary System (urine)

Related Posts:

1

90 Incredible Pharmaceutical Terminology

2

Drug Regulatory Department

3

52 Inflammations of Different Parts of Body System

4

Pharmaceutical Product Matrix

5

Pharmacology: 7 Incredible Topics in 2020

Tags: AbsorptionAffinity meansAgonist meansAntagonist meansArea Under Curve (AUC)BioavailabilityCmaxDistributionDrug MetabolismED50 meansEliminationFirst Pass effect/Pre systemic metabolismHalf-lifeLD50 meansLethal Dose (LD) meansMateria Medica meansMBCMECMetabolismMICMinimum Bactericidal ConcentrationMinimum Effective ConcentrationMinimum Inhibitory ConcentrationPeak plasma concentrationPharmaceutical people should know PharmacologyPharmacodynamicsPharmacokineticsPHARMACOLOGYTherapeutic ratio meansTherapeutics meansTmaxToxic Dose meansToxicology means
Share2Tweet1
Previous Post

Pharmaceutical Product Matrix

Next Post

35 Essential Pharmacology Terminology

YouTube Canvas

YouTube Canvas

YouTube Canvas is an educational website where people can learn about Freelance Jobs, Online Businesses, YouTube Marketing, Ads, and more...

Next Post
Pharmacology Terminology

35 Essential Pharmacology Terminology

Microbiology

Most Popular Microbiology Terminology

Comments 2

  1. Pingback: Drug Regulatory Department: 9 Popular Authority | YouTube Canvas
  2. Pingback: 52 Inflammations of Essential Parts of Body System | YouTube Canvas

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

  • Trending
  • Comments
  • Latest
Signs of Rabies in Human

Signs of Rabies in Human: Prevention (2020)

May 12, 2020
Digital Marketing Concept

Digital Marketing Concept: Incredible 9 ideas

December 2, 2019
YouTube for Beginners: How to Create a Professional YouTube Channel

YouTube Masterclass: Incredible ways Earn from YouTube (2020)

November 27, 2019
Success

9 Incredible Steps Success will come to you

April 29, 2020
Urinary Tract Infection Guidelines

Top UTI Tips: Urinary Tract Infection Guidelines 2020 – Essential Info

754
Common Cold and Fever

Common Cold and Fever: Symptoms and Essential Ancillary Measures

400
Malaria Fever

Malaria Fever: Symptoms and Essential Ancillary Measures

22
Digital Marketing Concept

Digital Marketing Concept: Incredible 9 ideas

10
What are the signs that you are wasting your life

24 Signs You’re Wasting Your Life

September 15, 2020
getting pregnant every month

What are your chances of getting pregnant every month | Essential Information

July 31, 2020
Always Leave the Office on Time

Always Leave the Office on Time | 7 Essential Information

July 31, 2020
Neonatal Diabetes

Immature Neonatal Diabetes | Pregnancy Birth and Baby

July 31, 2020
What are the signs that you are wasting your life

24 Signs You’re Wasting Your Life

September 15, 2020
getting pregnant every month

What are your chances of getting pregnant every month | Essential Information

July 31, 2020
Always Leave the Office on Time

Always Leave the Office on Time | 7 Essential Information

July 31, 2020
Neonatal Diabetes

Immature Neonatal Diabetes | Pregnancy Birth and Baby

July 31, 2020
Essential tips for traveling to Turkey

Turkey Tourism | Essential tips for traveling to Turkey in 2020

July 30, 2020
The Risks to Babies of Older Fathers

The Risks to Babies of Older Fathers: Reliable Information

July 22, 2020

YouTube Canvas

Ways to Increase Your Value in the online Market. You’re successful and ambitious, but you won’t feel satisfied until you reach the very top. The climb can be hard at times, but there are a few things you can do to make it easier.

Browse by Category

  • INTERNET MARKETING (29)
    • Digital Marketing Tips (8)
    • Facebook Marketing (1)
    • Top Ways to Make Money Online (5)
    • YouTube Marketing (15)
  • Modern Medical System (52)
    • Child Diseases (3)
    • Common Eye Diseases (2)
    • Diseases Counselling (11)
    • Fever and Contagious Diseases (11)
    • Food Circulatory Diseases (4)
    • Gynecological Diseases (4)
    • Nervous and Mental Diseases (2)
    • Nose, Ears, and Throat (2)
    • Shortness Breath and Respiratory Diseases (4)
    • Urinary and Reproductive Diseases (6)
  • Pharmaceutical Marketing (24)
    • Pharmaceutical Job Introduction (7)
      • Excretory System (1)
    • Pharmaceutical Motivation (2)
    • Pharmaceutical Product Knowledge (6)
    • Pharmaceutical Secret Success (6)
  • Recent News (11)
    • Known and Unknown (8)
  • Secret Lifestyle (26)
    • Food (1)
    • Health (21)
    • Mother's Question: Expert Opinion (2)
    • Travel (4)
  • Home
  • About Us
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms and Conditions
  • Sitemap

© 2020 YouTube Canvas - All rights reserved by YouTube Canvas.

ফলাফল নেই
সমস্ত ফলাফল দেখুন
  • Internet Marketing
    • YouTube Marketing
    • Facebook Marketing
    • Digital Marketing Tips
    • Search Engine Optimization
    • Top Ways to Make Money Online
  • Pharmaceutical Marketing
    • Pharmaceutical Job Introduction
    • Pharmaceutical Product Knowledge
    • Pharmaceutical Motivation
    • Pharmaceutical Secret Success
    • Top Pharmaceutical Companies List (BD)
    • Top Pharmaceutical Companies List (World)
    • Modern Medical System
  • Secret Lifestyle
    • Food
    • Health
    • Travel
    • Mother’s Question: Expert Opinion
  • Recent News
    • Known and Unknown
  • বাংলাবাংলা

© 2020 YouTube Canvas - All rights reserved by YouTube Canvas.

নীচে আপনার অ্যাকাউন্টে লগইন করুন

ভুলে গেছেন পাসওয়ার্ড?

নিবন্ধন করতে ফর্মগুলি পূরণ করুন

সমস্ত ক্ষেত্র প্রয়োজন. প্রবেশ করুন

আপনার পাসওয়ার্ড পুনরুদ্ধার করুন

আপনার পাসওয়ার্ডটি পুনরায় সেট করতে দয়া করে আপনার ব্যবহারকারীর নাম বা ইমেল ঠিকানা প্রবেশ করুন।

প্রবেশ করুন