Rabies virus (human and animal) infection causes damage to the nervous system, paralysis, and death. The dormant period of anger is usually 90-160 days.
OR,
An acute viral disease of CNS- infects domestic and wild animals. It was transmitted to other animals and humans through close contacts with saliva from infected animals (like-bites, scratches, licks on broken skin & mucous membranes).
Rabies is a dangerous virus that is found in the saliva of animals. It can infect and kill animals and humans. Every 10 minutes, someone dies from Rabies. Although anyone can get the disease, more than half of those affected with Rabies are children under the age of 15. People usually get Rabies when an animal with the virus bites them.
If your child is at serious risk for Rabies, get help now. Get rabies symptoms may not appear for months, but it is essential to take proper care soon. When symptoms of Rabies appear, people often die within a few days.
History of this Rabies Patient:
Date: 5th February 2017
Age (In Years): 8 Years
Sex: Female
Residence: Rural
Nature of injury: Bite
Type of Bite: With Bleeding
Site of Bite: Limb
Number of Bites: Multiple
The severity of Bite: Sever
History of Vaccination: Absent
Anti-Serum: Not Used
History of the bite by Stray Animal
Name of Animal: Dog
Development of Rabies of bit (in Day): 60 Days
The fate of animal: Killed by public
Symptoms: Hydrophobia, Aerophobia
The idea that dog bites will cause Rabies is not correct.
Incubation Period: Incubation period is exceedingly variable: from 10 – 90 days to even two years.
Average Incubation Period: 10 to 90 days (within 1 month 71% & 3 months 87%).
Factors Affecting Incubation: The virus load (and possibly the type of strain), inoculated during exposure. Amount of tissue involved, I.e., the severity of exposure (e.g., multiple bites). The localization of exposure (sp. the proximity to the central nervous system).
Clinical Manifestation: Two distinct clinical forms of Rabies in humans.
1. Furious rabies: the classical or encephalitic form, occurs among maximum of the patients 2. Dumb rabies: the paralytic form, occurs rarely, & hence difficult to diagnose.
Brain stem dysfunction: The classic features of rabies encephalitis.
Treatment: Once the diagnosis made & Rabies is established.
Who causes Rabies:
Cuckoos, cats, jackals, monkeys, reeds, and (other wild animals) can spread the disease.
The only rabies-infected dog (or any other animal) that bites has the rabies virus in its saliva, and Rabies enters the infected person’s body (blood) with the bite. In humans, dogs and cats can be 90% infected with Rabies.
Early symptoms of Rabies in people can include:
fever
headache
weakness
As it gets worse, symptoms may include:
difficulty sleeping
anxiety
confusion
tingling sensation (usually at the site of the bite)
excitation (being too excited)
hallucinations (seeing things that aren’t there)
agitation
salivating (drooling) more than usual
difficulty swallowing
fear of water
Rabies Virus – Lyssavirus:
The Bullet that Never Fails: Bullet-shaped, RNA virus. Envelope with surface spikes – Glycoprotein-G -responsible for pathogenicity. Highly resistant to cold, dryness, and decay. Very thermolabile. A virus is susceptible to the action of soaps & detergents.
World and Bangladesh context:
More than 2,000 people die every year. IDH (Infectious Diseases Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka) reported 171 deaths in 2000. Prophylaxis is required for the bite of about 100,000 animals.
World:
WHO Report 1997: More than 70,000 deaths were reported worldwide. Most of the deaths worldwide are found in Asia.
1997 WHO report: This subcontinent – more than 35,000 deaths. Experts predict this number is ten times higher than reported. By WHO rank, by the locality:
High – South Asian subcontinent, Indo-China, and Central Africa.
Medium – China, the Middle East, North Africa, Latin America.
Lower – North and South America, Europe, Russia.
Free – Australia, Spain, Scandinavian countries, and Greenland.
What to do if a Dog Bites:
1. Dog bites should be thoroughly cleansed with soap and water and then with iodine or other antiseptic lotion.
2. You need to know if the dog is in the area in a natural and healthy condition.
3. If it is a pet dog, the householder needs to know if the dog’s current behavior is abnormal.
4. If he is a reared cockroach, whether he has been given the anti-rabies vaccine and how long it lasts. I need to know.
5. You need to know if the dog bit you without precaution. A rabid dog bites a human or an animal without caution.
6. If the dog is known and is at home or in the neighborhood, then the dog should be kept under observation for ten days. If the dog is healthy after ten days, there is no reason to be afraid. In the case of Rabies, the dog will die within ten days.
7. If the dog is Rabies or unfamiliar or cannot monitor for ten days or if the dog is killed after biting or no trace of it is found, then the advice and supervision of an antiretroviral doctor vaccine should be injected.
Day 1 – First Dose – (Left Hand)
Day 3 – 2nd dose – (right Hand)
Day 7 – 3rd dose – (left Hand)
Day 14 – 4th dose – (right Hand)
Day 27 – 5th dose – (left Hand)
A maximum of 5 arms should be given and, if necessary, Rabies immune – Globulin should be given. The antiretroviral vaccine should be given in the armor in the front of the thigh in children under two years of age, not in the buttocks.
8. The patient should be given the antidote for tetanus.
Rabies Vaccination Dogs:
Picture: Rabies Vaccination Dogs
Dog rabies vaccine side effects- Short-term reactions include vomiting, facial swelling, fever, lethargy, circulatory shock, loss of consciousness, and even death. Reactions occurring days or months after vaccination can be difficult to recognize.
They include:
• Fibro carcinomas (cancer) at the injection site.
• Seizures and epilepsy.
• Autoimmune disease.
• Chronic digestive problems.
• Allergies.
• Skin diseases.
• Muscle weakness or atrophy.
• Pica (eating inappropriate materials, including feces).
• Behavioral changes ( aggression, separation anxiety, compulsive behaviors, and more ).
Vaccinate healthy dogs only.
Ask for a rabies vaccination exemption.
Don’t vaccinate against Rabies within three weeks of other vaccinations or medication for parasites.
Make sure your dog gets the correct vaccine.
Vaccinate at the safest time.
Tell your vet you want a Thimerosal-free vaccine.
Find a vet trained in homeopathy to vaccinate your dog.
Report all vaccine reactions to your vet.
Don’t vaccinate within a week of travel.
Keep copies of vaccination records and titer tests.
Ways to Recognize Rabid People and Dogs:
Picture: Rabid People and Dogs
1. When an animal is infected with Rabies, it starts behaving like a madman. Usually, at this time, the person or animal in front of him tries to bite whatever he is. All the while, he is barking, salivating (germs are excreted with the saliva), and the dog stops eating. Gradually fades and a few days. Died in the meantime. Therefore, if a dog or any other animal is bitten, it should not be killed immediately but should be surrounded and observed.
2. However, all the signs and symptoms of Rabies in people suffering from Rabies are pain and tingling at the site of the bite. There is pain and tingling when swallowing. That is why it is called Rabies because it does not want to drink water and is scared when it sees water. When death approached, there was paralysis and paralysis in the fit.
3. Within ten days to 2 years after the dog bite (usually the first symptoms of Rabies appear within 3 to 6 weeks. Treatment should be started before the early signs of diseases and sent to the hospital if necessary.
1. Turn the dog – to the cat. Keep the numbers vaccinated.
2. Those (veterinarians, veterinarians, veterinarians) who are more likely to be bitten by dogs and cats should be vaccinated before they are bitten.
3. If rabies-infected animals are eaten or suspected, the next vaccination should be given at the bite site, and the bite site should be cleaned quickly and thoroughly.
Why is Rabies called hydrophobia explain?
Picture: Rabies Hydrophobia Patients
It means that rabies patients are afraid of water. The classic features of rabies encephalitis. Excessive salivation & difficulty in swallowing – the traditional of ‘foaming at the mouth.’ Hydrophobia (fear of water): painful, violent, involuntary contraction of the diaphragmatic, accessory respiratory, pharyngeal & laryngeal muscles initiated by swallowing of liquid.
Things to Keep in Mind:
Picture: Keep in mind about Rabies
Proper treatment of the wound site – most viruses are removed from the wound – dramatically reduces the chances of developing Rabies.
Wounds – should not be sewn or countered.
Proper post-exposure protects medical life.
PVRV – 5 doses are guaranteed.
PVRV – IM must be given in the deltoid region. The patient has no contraindications for pregnancy, lactation, AIDS, and other infectious diseases and conditions.
“If your rabies patient survives, it means the diagnosis was wrong.”
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